- Report generated Sun Feb 8 21:55:17 2015
Correlations of Constructive Voice Behavior, Power distance, Collectivist, Resistance to change, Core self evaluation. Inc mean and SD.
It does not make sense to have correlations with demographics as these are factors
|
variable
|
mean
|
SD
|
param
|
Constructive.voice.behaviour
|
Power.distance
|
Collectivist
|
Resistance.to.change
|
Core.self.evaluation
|
|
Collectivist
|
4.7
|
0.93
|
corr
|
-0.0097
|
-0.025
|
1
|
0.11
|
0.0023
|
|
Collectivist
|
4.7
|
0.93
|
CI
|
(-0.2, 0.18)
|
(-0.21, 0.16)
|
(1, 1)
|
(-0.077, 0.29)
|
(-0.19, 0.19)
|
|
Collectivist
|
4.7
|
0.93
|
p.value
|
0.92
|
0.79
|
0
|
0.24
|
0.98
|
|
Constructive.voice.behaviour
|
5.5
|
0.9
|
corr
|
1
|
-0.21
|
-0.0097
|
-0.53
|
0.19
|
|
Constructive.voice.behaviour
|
5.5
|
0.9
|
CI
|
(1, 1)
|
(-0.38, -0.023)
|
(-0.2, 0.18)
|
(-0.65, -0.38)
|
(-0.0026, 0.36)
|
|
Constructive.voice.behaviour
|
5.5
|
0.9
|
p.value
|
0
|
0.028
|
0.92
|
3.1e-09
|
0.053
|
|
Core.self.evaluation
|
4.9
|
0.81
|
corr
|
0.19
|
0.077
|
0.0023
|
-0.21
|
1
|
|
Core.self.evaluation
|
4.9
|
0.81
|
CI
|
(-0.0026, 0.36)
|
(-0.11, 0.26)
|
(-0.19, 0.19)
|
(-0.38, -0.024)
|
(1, 1)
|
|
Core.self.evaluation
|
4.9
|
0.81
|
p.value
|
0.053
|
0.42
|
0.98
|
0.028
|
0
|
|
Power.distance
|
2.5
|
1
|
corr
|
-0.21
|
1
|
-0.025
|
0.068
|
0.077
|
|
Power.distance
|
2.5
|
1
|
CI
|
(-0.38, -0.023)
|
(1, 1)
|
(-0.21, 0.16)
|
(-0.12, 0.25)
|
(-0.11, 0.26)
|
|
Power.distance
|
2.5
|
1
|
p.value
|
0.028
|
0
|
0.79
|
0.48
|
0.42
|
|
Resistance.to.change
|
3.3
|
0.73
|
corr
|
-0.53
|
0.068
|
0.11
|
1
|
-0.21
|
|
Resistance.to.change
|
3.3
|
0.73
|
CI
|
(-0.65, -0.38)
|
(-0.12, 0.25)
|
(-0.077, 0.29)
|
(1, 1)
|
(-0.38, -0.024)
|
|
Resistance.to.change
|
3.3
|
0.73
|
p.value
|
3.1e-09
|
0.48
|
0.24
|
0
|
0.028
|
Cronbach alpha for Constructive Voice Behavior, Power distance, Collectivist, Resistance to change, Core self evaluation.
Using http://personality-project.org/r/html/alpha.html
Constructive Voice Behavior
##
## Reliability analysis
## Call: alpha(x = data.comp[["CVB"]])
##
## raw_alpha std.alpha G6(smc) average_r S/N ase mean sd
## 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.72 13 0.041 5.5 0.9
##
## lower alpha upper 95% confidence boundaries
## 0.85 0.93 1.01
##
## Reliability if an item is dropped:
## raw_alpha std.alpha G6(smc) average_r S/N alpha se
## Q5_1 0.91 0.91 0.90 0.72 10.0 0.053
## Q5_2 0.90 0.91 0.89 0.70 9.5 0.053
## Q5_3 0.93 0.93 0.92 0.77 13.7 0.050
## Q5_4 0.91 0.91 0.90 0.72 10.1 0.053
## Q5_5 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.70 9.5 0.053
##
## Item statistics
## n r r.cor r.drop mean sd
## Q5_1 109 0.89 0.87 0.83 5.5 1.01
## Q5_2 109 0.91 0.89 0.85 5.6 1.00
## Q5_3 109 0.81 0.74 0.71 5.6 0.89
## Q5_4 109 0.89 0.86 0.83 5.5 1.04
## Q5_5 109 0.91 0.89 0.86 5.3 1.16
##
## Non missing response frequency for each item
## 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 miss
## Q5_1 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.09 0.33 0.42 0.12 0
## Q5_2 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.11 0.28 0.43 0.15 0
## Q5_3 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.38 0.43 0.13 0
## Q5_4 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.09 0.34 0.41 0.12 0
## Q5_5 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.12 0.32 0.38 0.12 0
Power distance
##
## Reliability analysis
## Call: alpha(x = data.comp[["POW"]])
##
## raw_alpha std.alpha G6(smc) average_r S/N ase mean sd
## 0.81 0.81 0.85 0.46 4.3 0.057 2.5 1
##
## lower alpha upper 95% confidence boundaries
## 0.7 0.81 0.92
##
## Reliability if an item is dropped:
## raw_alpha
## People.in.higher.positions.should.make.most.decisions.without.consulting.people.in.lower.positions. 0.78
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.ask.the.opinions.of.people.in.lower.positions.too.frequently. 0.82
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions. 0.72
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions 0.72
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.delegate.important.tasks.to.people.in.lower.positions 0.81
## std.alpha
## People.in.higher.positions.should.make.most.decisions.without.consulting.people.in.lower.positions. 0.79
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.ask.the.opinions.of.people.in.lower.positions.too.frequently. 0.82
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions. 0.73
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions 0.72
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.delegate.important.tasks.to.people.in.lower.positions 0.81
## G6(smc)
## People.in.higher.positions.should.make.most.decisions.without.consulting.people.in.lower.positions. 0.83
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.ask.the.opinions.of.people.in.lower.positions.too.frequently. 0.85
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions. 0.68
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions 0.67
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.delegate.important.tasks.to.people.in.lower.positions 0.85
## average_r
## People.in.higher.positions.should.make.most.decisions.without.consulting.people.in.lower.positions. 0.48
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.ask.the.opinions.of.people.in.lower.positions.too.frequently. 0.53
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions. 0.40
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions 0.39
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.delegate.important.tasks.to.people.in.lower.positions 0.52
## S/N
## People.in.higher.positions.should.make.most.decisions.without.consulting.people.in.lower.positions. 3.7
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.ask.the.opinions.of.people.in.lower.positions.too.frequently. 4.4
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions. 2.7
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions 2.6
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.delegate.important.tasks.to.people.in.lower.positions 4.3
## alpha se
## People.in.higher.positions.should.make.most.decisions.without.consulting.people.in.lower.positions. 0.070
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.ask.the.opinions.of.people.in.lower.positions.too.frequently. 0.065
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions. 0.079
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions 0.080
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.delegate.important.tasks.to.people.in.lower.positions 0.067
##
## Item statistics
## n
## People.in.higher.positions.should.make.most.decisions.without.consulting.people.in.lower.positions. 109
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.ask.the.opinions.of.people.in.lower.positions.too.frequently. 109
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions. 109
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions 109
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.delegate.important.tasks.to.people.in.lower.positions 109
## r
## People.in.higher.positions.should.make.most.decisions.without.consulting.people.in.lower.positions. 0.73
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.ask.the.opinions.of.people.in.lower.positions.too.frequently. 0.66
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions. 0.86
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions 0.87
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.delegate.important.tasks.to.people.in.lower.positions 0.67
## r.cor
## People.in.higher.positions.should.make.most.decisions.without.consulting.people.in.lower.positions. 0.60
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.ask.the.opinions.of.people.in.lower.positions.too.frequently. 0.50
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions. 0.92
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions 0.94
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.delegate.important.tasks.to.people.in.lower.positions 0.52
## r.drop
## People.in.higher.positions.should.make.most.decisions.without.consulting.people.in.lower.positions. 0.56
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.ask.the.opinions.of.people.in.lower.positions.too.frequently. 0.46
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions. 0.75
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions 0.76
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.delegate.important.tasks.to.people.in.lower.positions 0.48
## mean
## People.in.higher.positions.should.make.most.decisions.without.consulting.people.in.lower.positions. 2.3
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.ask.the.opinions.of.people.in.lower.positions.too.frequently. 2.7
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions. 2.4
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions 2.4
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.delegate.important.tasks.to.people.in.lower.positions 2.5
## sd
## People.in.higher.positions.should.make.most.decisions.without.consulting.people.in.lower.positions. 1.3
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.ask.the.opinions.of.people.in.lower.positions.too.frequently. 1.5
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions. 1.3
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions 1.4
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.delegate.important.tasks.to.people.in.lower.positions 1.4
##
## Non missing response frequency for each item
## 1
## People.in.higher.positions.should.make.most.decisions.without.consulting.people.in.lower.positions. 0.25
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.ask.the.opinions.of.people.in.lower.positions.too.frequently. 0.20
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions. 0.28
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions 0.29
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.delegate.important.tasks.to.people.in.lower.positions 0.25
## 2
## People.in.higher.positions.should.make.most.decisions.without.consulting.people.in.lower.positions. 0.41
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.ask.the.opinions.of.people.in.lower.positions.too.frequently. 0.35
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions. 0.29
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions 0.28
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.delegate.important.tasks.to.people.in.lower.positions 0.35
## 3
## People.in.higher.positions.should.make.most.decisions.without.consulting.people.in.lower.positions. 0.22
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.ask.the.opinions.of.people.in.lower.positions.too.frequently. 0.22
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions. 0.28
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions 0.28
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.delegate.important.tasks.to.people.in.lower.positions 0.24
## 4
## People.in.higher.positions.should.make.most.decisions.without.consulting.people.in.lower.positions. 0.03
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.ask.the.opinions.of.people.in.lower.positions.too.frequently. 0.02
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions. 0.05
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions 0.06
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.delegate.important.tasks.to.people.in.lower.positions 0.04
## 5
## People.in.higher.positions.should.make.most.decisions.without.consulting.people.in.lower.positions. 0.06
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.ask.the.opinions.of.people.in.lower.positions.too.frequently. 0.17
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions. 0.05
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions 0.05
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.delegate.important.tasks.to.people.in.lower.positions 0.06
## 6
## People.in.higher.positions.should.make.most.decisions.without.consulting.people.in.lower.positions. 0.03
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.ask.the.opinions.of.people.in.lower.positions.too.frequently. 0.03
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions. 0.04
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions 0.04
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.delegate.important.tasks.to.people.in.lower.positions 0.06
## 7
## People.in.higher.positions.should.make.most.decisions.without.consulting.people.in.lower.positions. 0.01
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.ask.the.opinions.of.people.in.lower.positions.too.frequently. 0.01
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions. 0.01
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions 0.01
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.delegate.important.tasks.to.people.in.lower.positions 0.01
## miss
## People.in.higher.positions.should.make.most.decisions.without.consulting.people.in.lower.positions. 0
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.ask.the.opinions.of.people.in.lower.positions.too.frequently. 0
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions. 0
## People.in.lower.positions.should.not.disagree.with.decisions.by.people.in.higher.positions 0
## People.in.higher.positions.should.not.delegate.important.tasks.to.people.in.lower.positions 0
Resistance to change
##
## Reliability analysis
## Call: alpha(x = data.comp[["RTC"]])
##
## raw_alpha std.alpha G6(smc) average_r S/N ase mean sd
## 0.85 0.85 0.89 0.25 5.6 0.029 3.3 0.73
##
## lower alpha upper 95% confidence boundaries
## 0.79 0.85 0.9
##
## Reliability if an item is dropped:
## raw_alpha std.alpha G6(smc) average_r S/N alpha se
## Q8_1 0.84 0.84 0.88 0.25 5.2 0.031
## Q8_2 0.84 0.84 0.88 0.25 5.2 0.031
## Q8_3 0.83 0.83 0.87 0.23 4.9 0.032
## Q8_4 0.85 0.85 0.89 0.26 5.7 0.030
## Q8_5 0.84 0.84 0.88 0.25 5.3 0.031
## Q8_6 0.84 0.84 0.88 0.25 5.4 0.031
## Q8_7 0.83 0.84 0.88 0.24 5.1 0.032
## Q8_8 0.84 0.85 0.89 0.25 5.5 0.030
## Q8_9 0.84 0.84 0.88 0.25 5.4 0.031
## Q8_10 0.83 0.83 0.88 0.23 4.9 0.033
## Q8_11 0.83 0.83 0.87 0.23 4.9 0.033
## Q8_12 0.83 0.84 0.88 0.24 5.2 0.032
## Q8_13 0.84 0.84 0.88 0.25 5.3 0.031
## Q8_14 0.85 0.85 0.89 0.26 5.8 0.029
## Q8_15 0.83 0.84 0.87 0.24 5.2 0.031
## Q8_16 0.84 0.84 0.89 0.25 5.4 0.031
## Q8_17 0.85 0.85 0.89 0.26 5.6 0.030
##
## Item statistics
## n r r.cor r.drop mean sd
## Q8_1 109 0.58 0.54 0.49 2.2 0.95
## Q8_2 109 0.58 0.55 0.50 3.1 1.42
## Q8_3 109 0.72 0.72 0.66 2.3 1.15
## Q8_4 109 0.35 0.29 0.24 3.5 1.35
## Q8_5 109 0.52 0.48 0.43 2.3 1.13
## Q8_6 109 0.47 0.44 0.39 3.3 1.51
## Q8_7 109 0.63 0.61 0.56 3.6 1.49
## Q8_8 109 0.46 0.41 0.38 4.4 1.43
## Q8_9 109 0.50 0.46 0.42 3.6 1.42
## Q8_10 109 0.72 0.72 0.67 3.1 1.33
## Q8_11 109 0.73 0.72 0.68 2.8 1.41
## Q8_12 109 0.60 0.59 0.53 2.6 1.35
## Q8_13 109 0.54 0.53 0.46 2.7 1.47
## Q8_14 109 0.33 0.29 0.22 4.2 1.41
## Q8_15 109 0.60 0.59 0.51 3.9 1.46
## Q8_16 109 0.47 0.42 0.38 3.9 1.36
## Q8_17 109 0.39 0.32 0.29 4.7 1.25
##
## Non missing response frequency for each item
## 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 miss
## Q8_1 0.21 0.53 0.15 0.08 0.03 0.00 0.00 0
## Q8_2 0.08 0.34 0.23 0.14 0.17 0.03 0.02 0
## Q8_3 0.23 0.45 0.17 0.10 0.04 0.02 0.00 0
## Q8_4 0.03 0.23 0.30 0.17 0.17 0.10 0.00 0
## Q8_5 0.27 0.34 0.21 0.15 0.04 0.00 0.00 0
## Q8_6 0.06 0.36 0.20 0.07 0.24 0.05 0.02 0
## Q8_7 0.06 0.28 0.15 0.13 0.34 0.04 0.01 0
## Q8_8 0.01 0.15 0.16 0.08 0.39 0.19 0.02 0
## Q8_9 0.04 0.25 0.18 0.20 0.23 0.10 0.00 0
## Q8_10 0.08 0.34 0.26 0.11 0.18 0.03 0.00 0
## Q8_11 0.17 0.37 0.23 0.04 0.18 0.01 0.01 0
## Q8_12 0.16 0.43 0.20 0.09 0.08 0.02 0.02 0
## Q8_13 0.17 0.42 0.16 0.06 0.14 0.04 0.01 0
## Q8_14 0.02 0.10 0.22 0.17 0.28 0.17 0.03 0
## Q8_15 0.02 0.18 0.25 0.16 0.22 0.17 0.01 0
## Q8_16 0.02 0.14 0.28 0.16 0.26 0.15 0.00 0
## Q8_17 0.01 0.05 0.14 0.14 0.36 0.29 0.02 0
Collectivist
##
## Reliability analysis
## Call: alpha(x = data.comp[["COL"]])
##
## raw_alpha std.alpha G6(smc) average_r S/N ase mean sd
## 0.81 0.81 0.8 0.41 4.1 0.052 4.7 0.93
##
## lower alpha upper 95% confidence boundaries
## 0.7 0.81 0.91
##
## Reliability if an item is dropped:
## raw_alpha
## Individuals.should.sacrifice.self.interest.for.the.group. 0.81
## Individuals.should.stick.with.the.group.even.through.difficulties. 0.80
## Group.welfare.is.more.important.than.individual.rewards 0.74
## Group.success.is.more.important.than.individual.success. 0.77
## Individuals.should.only.pursue.their.goals.after.considering.the.welfare.of.the.group. 0.78
## Group.loyalty.should.be.encouraged.even.if.individual.goals.suffer 0.77
## std.alpha
## Individuals.should.sacrifice.self.interest.for.the.group. 0.80
## Individuals.should.stick.with.the.group.even.through.difficulties. 0.80
## Group.welfare.is.more.important.than.individual.rewards 0.74
## Group.success.is.more.important.than.individual.success. 0.77
## Individuals.should.only.pursue.their.goals.after.considering.the.welfare.of.the.group. 0.78
## Group.loyalty.should.be.encouraged.even.if.individual.goals.suffer 0.77
## G6(smc)
## Individuals.should.sacrifice.self.interest.for.the.group. 0.79
## Individuals.should.stick.with.the.group.even.through.difficulties. 0.78
## Group.welfare.is.more.important.than.individual.rewards 0.71
## Group.success.is.more.important.than.individual.success. 0.74
## Individuals.should.only.pursue.their.goals.after.considering.the.welfare.of.the.group. 0.76
## Group.loyalty.should.be.encouraged.even.if.individual.goals.suffer 0.75
## average_r
## Individuals.should.sacrifice.self.interest.for.the.group. 0.45
## Individuals.should.stick.with.the.group.even.through.difficulties. 0.44
## Group.welfare.is.more.important.than.individual.rewards 0.36
## Group.success.is.more.important.than.individual.success. 0.39
## Individuals.should.only.pursue.their.goals.after.considering.the.welfare.of.the.group. 0.41
## Group.loyalty.should.be.encouraged.even.if.individual.goals.suffer 0.40
## S/N
## Individuals.should.sacrifice.self.interest.for.the.group. 4.1
## Individuals.should.stick.with.the.group.even.through.difficulties. 3.9
## Group.welfare.is.more.important.than.individual.rewards 2.8
## Group.success.is.more.important.than.individual.success. 3.3
## Individuals.should.only.pursue.their.goals.after.considering.the.welfare.of.the.group. 3.5
## Group.loyalty.should.be.encouraged.even.if.individual.goals.suffer 3.3
## alpha se
## Individuals.should.sacrifice.self.interest.for.the.group. 0.058
## Individuals.should.stick.with.the.group.even.through.difficulties. 0.059
## Group.welfare.is.more.important.than.individual.rewards 0.067
## Group.success.is.more.important.than.individual.success. 0.064
## Individuals.should.only.pursue.their.goals.after.considering.the.welfare.of.the.group. 0.062
## Group.loyalty.should.be.encouraged.even.if.individual.goals.suffer 0.064
##
## Item statistics
## n
## Individuals.should.sacrifice.self.interest.for.the.group. 109
## Individuals.should.stick.with.the.group.even.through.difficulties. 109
## Group.welfare.is.more.important.than.individual.rewards 109
## Group.success.is.more.important.than.individual.success. 109
## Individuals.should.only.pursue.their.goals.after.considering.the.welfare.of.the.group. 109
## Group.loyalty.should.be.encouraged.even.if.individual.goals.suffer 109
## r
## Individuals.should.sacrifice.self.interest.for.the.group. 0.61
## Individuals.should.stick.with.the.group.even.through.difficulties. 0.64
## Group.welfare.is.more.important.than.individual.rewards 0.83
## Group.success.is.more.important.than.individual.success. 0.74
## Individuals.should.only.pursue.their.goals.after.considering.the.welfare.of.the.group. 0.70
## Group.loyalty.should.be.encouraged.even.if.individual.goals.suffer 0.74
## r.cor
## Individuals.should.sacrifice.self.interest.for.the.group. 0.48
## Individuals.should.stick.with.the.group.even.through.difficulties. 0.52
## Group.welfare.is.more.important.than.individual.rewards 0.82
## Group.success.is.more.important.than.individual.success. 0.70
## Individuals.should.only.pursue.their.goals.after.considering.the.welfare.of.the.group. 0.62
## Group.loyalty.should.be.encouraged.even.if.individual.goals.suffer 0.67
## r.drop
## Individuals.should.sacrifice.self.interest.for.the.group. 0.43
## Individuals.should.stick.with.the.group.even.through.difficulties. 0.47
## Group.welfare.is.more.important.than.individual.rewards 0.73
## Group.success.is.more.important.than.individual.success. 0.61
## Individuals.should.only.pursue.their.goals.after.considering.the.welfare.of.the.group. 0.56
## Group.loyalty.should.be.encouraged.even.if.individual.goals.suffer 0.61
## mean
## Individuals.should.sacrifice.self.interest.for.the.group. 4.6
## Individuals.should.stick.with.the.group.even.through.difficulties. 5.3
## Group.welfare.is.more.important.than.individual.rewards 4.8
## Group.success.is.more.important.than.individual.success. 5.0
## Individuals.should.only.pursue.their.goals.after.considering.the.welfare.of.the.group. 4.4
## Group.loyalty.should.be.encouraged.even.if.individual.goals.suffer 4.2
## sd
## Individuals.should.sacrifice.self.interest.for.the.group. 1.3
## Individuals.should.stick.with.the.group.even.through.difficulties. 1.2
## Group.welfare.is.more.important.than.individual.rewards 1.3
## Group.success.is.more.important.than.individual.success. 1.3
## Individuals.should.only.pursue.their.goals.after.considering.the.welfare.of.the.group. 1.4
## Group.loyalty.should.be.encouraged.even.if.individual.goals.suffer 1.4
##
## Non missing response frequency for each item
## 1
## Individuals.should.sacrifice.self.interest.for.the.group. 0.01
## Individuals.should.stick.with.the.group.even.through.difficulties. 0.00
## Group.welfare.is.more.important.than.individual.rewards 0.00
## Group.success.is.more.important.than.individual.success. 0.01
## Individuals.should.only.pursue.their.goals.after.considering.the.welfare.of.the.group. 0.01
## Group.loyalty.should.be.encouraged.even.if.individual.goals.suffer 0.01
## 2
## Individuals.should.sacrifice.self.interest.for.the.group. 0.06
## Individuals.should.stick.with.the.group.even.through.difficulties. 0.03
## Group.welfare.is.more.important.than.individual.rewards 0.05
## Group.success.is.more.important.than.individual.success. 0.07
## Individuals.should.only.pursue.their.goals.after.considering.the.welfare.of.the.group. 0.12
## Group.loyalty.should.be.encouraged.even.if.individual.goals.suffer 0.15
## 3
## Individuals.should.sacrifice.self.interest.for.the.group. 0.15
## Individuals.should.stick.with.the.group.even.through.difficulties. 0.07
## Group.welfare.is.more.important.than.individual.rewards 0.16
## Group.success.is.more.important.than.individual.success. 0.06
## Individuals.should.only.pursue.their.goals.after.considering.the.welfare.of.the.group. 0.18
## Group.loyalty.should.be.encouraged.even.if.individual.goals.suffer 0.18
## 4
## Individuals.should.sacrifice.self.interest.for.the.group. 0.13
## Individuals.should.stick.with.the.group.even.through.difficulties. 0.10
## Group.welfare.is.more.important.than.individual.rewards 0.17
## Group.success.is.more.important.than.individual.success. 0.12
## Individuals.should.only.pursue.their.goals.after.considering.the.welfare.of.the.group. 0.12
## Group.loyalty.should.be.encouraged.even.if.individual.goals.suffer 0.19
## 5
## Individuals.should.sacrifice.self.interest.for.the.group. 0.38
## Individuals.should.stick.with.the.group.even.through.difficulties. 0.28
## Group.welfare.is.more.important.than.individual.rewards 0.27
## Group.success.is.more.important.than.individual.success. 0.33
## Individuals.should.only.pursue.their.goals.after.considering.the.welfare.of.the.group. 0.33
## Group.loyalty.should.be.encouraged.even.if.individual.goals.suffer 0.28
## 6
## Individuals.should.sacrifice.self.interest.for.the.group. 0.27
## Individuals.should.stick.with.the.group.even.through.difficulties. 0.45
## Group.welfare.is.more.important.than.individual.rewards 0.34
## Group.success.is.more.important.than.individual.success. 0.34
## Individuals.should.only.pursue.their.goals.after.considering.the.welfare.of.the.group. 0.23
## Group.loyalty.should.be.encouraged.even.if.individual.goals.suffer 0.17
## 7
## Individuals.should.sacrifice.self.interest.for.the.group. 0.01
## Individuals.should.stick.with.the.group.even.through.difficulties. 0.07
## Group.welfare.is.more.important.than.individual.rewards 0.03
## Group.success.is.more.important.than.individual.success. 0.06
## Individuals.should.only.pursue.their.goals.after.considering.the.welfare.of.the.group. 0.01
## Group.loyalty.should.be.encouraged.even.if.individual.goals.suffer 0.02
## miss
## Individuals.should.sacrifice.self.interest.for.the.group. 0
## Individuals.should.stick.with.the.group.even.through.difficulties. 0
## Group.welfare.is.more.important.than.individual.rewards 0
## Group.success.is.more.important.than.individual.success. 0
## Individuals.should.only.pursue.their.goals.after.considering.the.welfare.of.the.group. 0
## Group.loyalty.should.be.encouraged.even.if.individual.goals.suffer 0
Core self evaluation
##
## Reliability analysis
## Call: alpha(x = data.comp[["CSE"]])
##
## raw_alpha std.alpha G6(smc) average_r S/N ase mean sd
## 0.84 0.84 0.86 0.31 5.3 0.034 4.9 0.81
##
## lower alpha upper 95% confidence boundaries
## 0.77 0.84 0.9
##
## Reliability if an item is dropped:
## raw_alpha std.alpha G6(smc) average_r S/N alpha se
## Q9_1 0.82 0.82 0.84 0.30 4.6 0.038
## Q9_2 0.82 0.83 0.85 0.31 4.8 0.038
## Q9_3 0.83 0.83 0.85 0.31 5.0 0.036
## Q9_4 0.83 0.84 0.86 0.32 5.2 0.036
## Q9_5 0.84 0.84 0.86 0.33 5.4 0.036
## Q9_6 0.83 0.83 0.86 0.31 5.0 0.037
## Q9_7 0.81 0.82 0.84 0.29 4.5 0.039
## Q9_8 0.81 0.82 0.84 0.29 4.5 0.039
## Q9_9 0.83 0.83 0.85 0.31 5.0 0.037
## Q9_10 0.82 0.82 0.85 0.30 4.7 0.038
## Q9_11 0.82 0.82 0.84 0.29 4.6 0.038
## Q9_12 0.82 0.83 0.85 0.31 4.9 0.037
##
## Item statistics
## n r r.cor r.drop mean sd
## Q9_1 109 0.67 0.64 0.57 5.2 1.31
## Q9_2 109 0.61 0.57 0.54 4.0 1.62
## Q9_3 109 0.56 0.51 0.42 5.6 0.71
## Q9_4 109 0.50 0.44 0.42 4.2 1.56
## Q9_5 109 0.42 0.33 0.27 5.7 0.71
## Q9_6 109 0.55 0.48 0.44 3.9 1.54
## Q9_7 109 0.72 0.71 0.65 5.6 1.19
## Q9_8 109 0.71 0.69 0.64 5.1 1.55
## Q9_9 109 0.55 0.50 0.42 5.0 1.25
## Q9_10 109 0.65 0.62 0.56 4.6 1.60
## Q9_11 109 0.69 0.66 0.59 5.5 1.09
## Q9_12 109 0.60 0.56 0.52 4.6 1.60
##
## Non missing response frequency for each item
## 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 miss
## Q9_1 0.01 0.04 0.09 0.10 0.22 0.46 0.08 0
## Q9_2 0.02 0.20 0.27 0.13 0.11 0.25 0.03 0
## Q9_3 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.04 0.33 0.55 0.07 0
## Q9_4 0.01 0.15 0.28 0.10 0.20 0.22 0.05 0
## Q9_5 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.05 0.24 0.63 0.07 0
## Q9_6 0.02 0.15 0.39 0.06 0.16 0.18 0.04 0
## Q9_7 0.00 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.17 0.55 0.17 0
## Q9_8 0.03 0.04 0.14 0.08 0.15 0.42 0.15 0
## Q9_9 0.01 0.06 0.06 0.15 0.38 0.29 0.06 0
## Q9_10 0.05 0.05 0.20 0.11 0.18 0.35 0.06 0
## Q9_11 0.00 0.02 0.06 0.06 0.28 0.48 0.11 0
## Q9_12 0.00 0.13 0.19 0.15 0.15 0.29 0.09 0
Linear models for Constructive Voice Behavior
Assess the following dependent variables for Constructive Voice Behaviour, with and without adjustment for potential confounding with demographic varaibles.
- Power distance
- Collectivist
- Resistance to change
- Core Self Evaluation
Adjustment for demographic varaibles
Multivariate regression
Key variables multivariate regression
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
7.2313
|
0.7101
|
10.18
|
0.0000
|
|
Power.distance
|
-0.1571
|
0.0702
|
-2.24
|
0.0274
|
|
Collectivist
|
0.0407
|
0.0786
|
0.52
|
0.6055
|
|
Resistance.to.change
|
-0.6221
|
0.1034
|
-6.02
|
0.0000
|
|
Core.self.evaluation
|
0.1044
|
0.0927
|
1.13
|
0.2626
|
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
5.4826
|
0.0724
|
75.70
|
0.0000
|
|
Power.distance.cen
|
-0.1571
|
0.0702
|
-2.24
|
0.0274
|
|
Collectivist.cen
|
0.0407
|
0.0786
|
0.52
|
0.6055
|
|
Resistance.to.change.cen
|
-0.6221
|
0.1034
|
-6.02
|
0.0000
|
|
Core.self.evaluation.cen
|
0.1044
|
0.0927
|
1.13
|
0.2626
|
Demographics multivaraite regression
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
5.0443
|
0.6579
|
7.67
|
0.0000
|
|
Age31-40 years
|
-0.3500
|
0.2882
|
-1.21
|
0.2275
|
|
Age41-50 years
|
-0.6409
|
0.2795
|
-2.29
|
0.0240
|
|
Age51-60 years
|
-0.7569
|
0.3372
|
-2.24
|
0.0270
|
|
GenderMale
|
0.1864
|
0.1760
|
1.06
|
0.2922
|
|
EducationDiploma
|
0.9426
|
0.7007
|
1.35
|
0.1816
|
|
EducationBachelor Degree
|
0.6156
|
0.6578
|
0.94
|
0.3516
|
|
EducationPostgraduate Diploma / Masters
|
0.5955
|
0.6483
|
0.92
|
0.3605
|
|
EducationPhD
|
0.6966
|
0.7013
|
0.99
|
0.3230
|
|
ManagerYes
|
0.3797
|
0.1791
|
2.12
|
0.0365
|
Modifiers for the effect of key variables on Constructive Voice Behavior
Assess the following modifers for the effect of key variables on Constructive Voice Behaviour, with and without adjustment for potential confounding with demographic varaibles. Continuous variables have all been centered.
Resistance to change moderates the effect of power distance on constructive voice behaviour
Core Self Evaluation moderates the effect of power distance on constructive voice behaviour
Collectivist moderates the effect of power distance on constructive voice behaviour
Core Self Evaluation moderates the effect of resistance to change on constructive voice behaviour
Collectivist moderates the effect of resistance to change on constructive voice behaviour
Collectivist moderates the effect of Core Self Evaluation on constructive voice behaviour
Resistance to change moderates the effect of power distance on constructive voice behaviour
Unadjusted
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
5.4848
|
0.0728
|
75.33
|
0.0000
|
|
Power.distance.cen
|
-0.1589
|
0.0732
|
-2.17
|
0.0321
|
|
Resistance.to.change.cen
|
-0.6380
|
0.1008
|
-6.33
|
0.0000
|
|
Power.distance.cen:Resistance.to.change.cen
|
-0.0440
|
0.1166
|
-0.38
|
0.7065
|
R^2 = 0.3120995
| |
SD
|
beta
|
se.beta
|
p.value
|
|
upp.sd
|
+1 SD
|
-0.191
|
0.017
|
0.000e+00
|
|
low.sd
|
-1 SD
|
-0.127
|
0.015
|
0.000e+00
|
Adjusted for demographic variables, plotted at reference level
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
5.4156
|
0.5781
|
9.37
|
0.0000
|
|
Power.distance.cen
|
-0.1581
|
0.0768
|
-2.06
|
0.0424
|
|
Resistance.to.change.cen
|
-0.6026
|
0.1044
|
-5.77
|
0.0000
|
|
Age31-40 years
|
-0.2161
|
0.2500
|
-0.86
|
0.3895
|
|
Age41-50 years
|
-0.3879
|
0.2435
|
-1.59
|
0.1144
|
|
Age51-60 years
|
-0.3533
|
0.3008
|
-1.17
|
0.2430
|
|
GenderMale
|
0.0262
|
0.1551
|
0.17
|
0.8663
|
|
EducationDiploma
|
0.3073
|
0.6192
|
0.50
|
0.6209
|
|
EducationBachelor Degree
|
0.0957
|
0.5775
|
0.17
|
0.8688
|
|
EducationPostgraduate Diploma / Masters
|
0.1293
|
0.5730
|
0.23
|
0.8219
|
|
EducationPhD
|
0.0320
|
0.6172
|
0.05
|
0.9588
|
|
ManagerYes
|
0.4067
|
0.1567
|
2.60
|
0.0109
|
|
Power.distance.cen:Resistance.to.change.cen
|
0.0232
|
0.1225
|
0.19
|
0.8500
|
R^2 = 0.3778947
| |
SD
|
beta
|
se.beta
|
p.value
|
|
upp.sd
|
+1 SD
|
-0.141
|
0.016
|
0.000e+00
|
|
low.sd
|
-1 SD
|
-0.175
|
0.017
|
0.000e+00
|
Core Self Evaluation moderates the effect of power distance on constructive voice behaviour
Unadjusted
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
5.4843
|
0.0840
|
65.28
|
0.0000
|
|
Power.distance.cen
|
-0.1915
|
0.0820
|
-2.34
|
0.0214
|
|
Core.self.evaluation.cen
|
0.2209
|
0.1075
|
2.06
|
0.0423
|
|
Power.distance.cen:Core.self.evaluation.cen
|
-0.0268
|
0.1181
|
-0.23
|
0.8209
|
R^2 = 0.08550867
| |
SD
|
beta
|
se.beta
|
p.value
|
|
upp.sd
|
+1 SD
|
-0.213
|
0.018
|
0.000e+00
|
|
low.sd
|
-1 SD
|
-0.170
|
0.019
|
0.000e+00
|
Adjusted for demographic variables, plotted at reference level
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
5.1993
|
0.6410
|
8.11
|
0.0000
|
|
Power.distance.cen
|
-0.1829
|
0.0850
|
-2.15
|
0.0340
|
|
Core.self.evaluation.cen
|
0.2399
|
0.1077
|
2.23
|
0.0283
|
|
Age31-40 years
|
-0.3540
|
0.2864
|
-1.24
|
0.2194
|
|
Age41-50 years
|
-0.6089
|
0.2723
|
-2.24
|
0.0277
|
|
Age51-60 years
|
-0.6418
|
0.3387
|
-1.89
|
0.0611
|
|
GenderMale
|
0.1292
|
0.1708
|
0.76
|
0.4514
|
|
EducationDiploma
|
0.8699
|
0.6971
|
1.25
|
0.2151
|
|
EducationBachelor Degree
|
0.4565
|
0.6461
|
0.71
|
0.4816
|
|
EducationPostgraduate Diploma / Masters
|
0.3681
|
0.6426
|
0.57
|
0.5681
|
|
EducationPhD
|
0.5237
|
0.6917
|
0.76
|
0.4508
|
|
ManagerYes
|
0.4475
|
0.1751
|
2.56
|
0.0122
|
|
Power.distance.cen:Core.self.evaluation.cen
|
-0.0433
|
0.1225
|
-0.35
|
0.7244
|
R^2 = 0.2092292
| |
SD
|
beta
|
se.beta
|
p.value
|
|
upp.sd
|
+1 SD
|
-0.218
|
0.018
|
0.000e+00
|
|
low.sd
|
-1 SD
|
-0.148
|
0.020
|
1.601e-13
|
Collectivist moderates the effect of power distance on constructive voice behaviour
Unadjusted
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
5.4851
|
0.0851
|
64.45
|
0.0000
|
|
Power.distance.cen
|
-0.1843
|
0.0819
|
-2.25
|
0.0265
|
|
Collectivist.cen
|
-0.0075
|
0.0920
|
-0.08
|
0.9353
|
|
Power.distance.cen:Collectivist.cen
|
0.1035
|
0.0966
|
1.07
|
0.2863
|
R^2 = 0.0546462
| |
SD
|
beta
|
se.beta
|
p.value
|
|
upp.sd
|
+1 SD
|
-0.088
|
0.020
|
1.392e-05
|
|
low.sd
|
-1 SD
|
-0.281
|
0.020
|
0.000e+00
|
Adjusted for demographic variables, plotted at reference level
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
4.9992
|
0.6661
|
7.51
|
0.0000
|
|
Power.distance.cen
|
-0.1812
|
0.0849
|
-2.13
|
0.0354
|
|
Collectivist.cen
|
0.0062
|
0.0941
|
0.07
|
0.9477
|
|
Age31-40 years
|
-0.2639
|
0.2877
|
-0.92
|
0.3613
|
|
Age41-50 years
|
-0.5547
|
0.2787
|
-1.99
|
0.0494
|
|
Age51-60 years
|
-0.5096
|
0.3498
|
-1.46
|
0.1485
|
|
GenderMale
|
0.1884
|
0.1759
|
1.07
|
0.2868
|
|
EducationDiploma
|
0.9658
|
0.7241
|
1.33
|
0.1854
|
|
EducationBachelor Degree
|
0.5475
|
0.6736
|
0.81
|
0.4183
|
|
EducationPostgraduate Diploma / Masters
|
0.4975
|
0.6593
|
0.75
|
0.4523
|
|
EducationPhD
|
0.6018
|
0.7133
|
0.84
|
0.4010
|
|
ManagerYes
|
0.4369
|
0.1793
|
2.44
|
0.0166
|
|
Power.distance.cen:Collectivist.cen
|
0.1193
|
0.1001
|
1.19
|
0.2363
|
R^2 = 0.1743239
| |
SD
|
beta
|
se.beta
|
p.value
|
|
upp.sd
|
+1 SD
|
-0.070
|
0.022
|
1.693e-03
|
|
low.sd
|
-1 SD
|
-0.292
|
0.021
|
0.000e+00
|
Core Self Evaluation moderates the effect of resistance to change on constructive voice behaviour
Unadjusted
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
5.5116
|
0.0738
|
74.67
|
0.0000
|
|
Resistance.to.change.cen
|
-0.6211
|
0.1026
|
-6.05
|
0.0000
|
|
Core.self.evaluation.cen
|
0.0714
|
0.0926
|
0.77
|
0.4419
|
|
Resistance.to.change.cen:Core.self.evaluation.cen
|
0.2365
|
0.1146
|
2.06
|
0.0415
|
R^2 = 0.3142423
| |
SD
|
beta
|
se.beta
|
p.value
|
|
upp.sd
|
+1 SD
|
-0.430
|
0.087
|
8.338e-07
|
|
low.sd
|
-1 SD
|
-0.813
|
0.091
|
0.000e+00
|
Adjusted for demographic variables, plotted at reference level
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
5.4045
|
0.5603
|
9.65
|
0.0000
|
|
Resistance.to.change.cen
|
-0.5513
|
0.1069
|
-5.16
|
0.0000
|
|
Core.self.evaluation.cen
|
0.0956
|
0.0948
|
1.01
|
0.3159
|
|
Age31-40 years
|
-0.3904
|
0.2480
|
-1.57
|
0.1187
|
|
Age41-50 years
|
-0.5686
|
0.2435
|
-2.34
|
0.0216
|
|
Age51-60 years
|
-0.6778
|
0.2952
|
-2.30
|
0.0239
|
|
GenderMale
|
0.0640
|
0.1516
|
0.42
|
0.6740
|
|
EducationDiploma
|
0.4653
|
0.6015
|
0.77
|
0.4411
|
|
EducationBachelor Degree
|
0.3681
|
0.5621
|
0.65
|
0.5141
|
|
EducationPostgraduate Diploma / Masters
|
0.3394
|
0.5519
|
0.61
|
0.5401
|
|
EducationPhD
|
0.3242
|
0.6021
|
0.54
|
0.5915
|
|
ManagerYes
|
0.3505
|
0.1520
|
2.31
|
0.0232
|
|
Resistance.to.change.cen:Core.self.evaluation.cen
|
0.2784
|
0.1166
|
2.39
|
0.0190
|
R^2 = 0.3905754
| |
SD
|
beta
|
se.beta
|
p.value
|
|
upp.sd
|
+1 SD
|
-0.326
|
0.083
|
8.381e-05
|
|
low.sd
|
-1 SD
|
-0.777
|
0.090
|
0.000e+00
|
Collectivist moderates the effect of resistance to change on constructive voice behaviour
Unadjusted
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
5.4969
|
0.0735
|
74.76
|
0.0000
|
|
Resistance.to.change.cen
|
-0.6590
|
0.1016
|
-6.49
|
0.0000
|
|
Collectivist.cen
|
0.0369
|
0.0796
|
0.46
|
0.6440
|
|
Resistance.to.change.cen:Collectivist.cen
|
-0.1893
|
0.1101
|
-1.72
|
0.0887
|
R^2 = 0.3028589
| |
SD
|
beta
|
se.beta
|
p.value
|
|
upp.sd
|
+1 SD
|
-0.835
|
0.091
|
0.000e+00
|
|
low.sd
|
-1 SD
|
-0.483
|
0.092
|
1.486e-07
|
Adjusted for demographic variables, plotted at reference level
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
5.4184
|
0.5748
|
9.43
|
0.0000
|
|
Resistance.to.change.cen
|
-0.6119
|
0.1054
|
-5.81
|
0.0000
|
|
Collectivist.cen
|
0.0322
|
0.0825
|
0.39
|
0.6971
|
|
Age31-40 years
|
-0.3231
|
0.2494
|
-1.30
|
0.1982
|
|
Age41-50 years
|
-0.4659
|
0.2439
|
-1.91
|
0.0591
|
|
Age51-60 years
|
-0.5460
|
0.2950
|
-1.85
|
0.0672
|
|
GenderMale
|
0.0235
|
0.1545
|
0.15
|
0.8793
|
|
EducationDiploma
|
0.3731
|
0.6209
|
0.60
|
0.5494
|
|
EducationBachelor Degree
|
0.2259
|
0.5779
|
0.39
|
0.6967
|
|
EducationPostgraduate Diploma / Masters
|
0.2630
|
0.5660
|
0.46
|
0.6433
|
|
EducationPhD
|
0.2132
|
0.6168
|
0.35
|
0.7304
|
|
ManagerYes
|
0.3606
|
0.1554
|
2.32
|
0.0224
|
|
Resistance.to.change.cen:Collectivist.cen
|
-0.1928
|
0.1114
|
-1.73
|
0.0866
|
R^2 = 0.3679148
| |
SD
|
beta
|
se.beta
|
p.value
|
|
upp.sd
|
+1 SD
|
-0.791
|
0.089
|
0.000e+00
|
|
low.sd
|
-1 SD
|
-0.433
|
0.089
|
1.219e-06
|
Collectivist moderates the effect of Core Self Evaluation on constructive voice behaviour
Unadjusted
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
5.4822
|
0.0837
|
65.49
|
0.0000
|
|
Core.self.evaluation.cen
|
0.2016
|
0.1042
|
1.93
|
0.0558
|
|
Collectivist.cen
|
-0.0018
|
0.0903
|
-0.02
|
0.9839
|
|
Core.self.evaluation.cen:Collectivist.cen
|
0.2325
|
0.0968
|
2.40
|
0.0181
|
R^2 = 0.0847817
| |
SD
|
beta
|
se.beta
|
p.value
|
|
upp.sd
|
+1 SD
|
0.418
|
0.034
|
0.000e+00
|
|
low.sd
|
-1 SD
|
-0.015
|
0.034
|
6.704e-01
|
Adjusted for demographic variables, plotted at reference level
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
5.1388
|
0.6392
|
8.04
|
0.0000
|
|
Core.self.evaluation.cen
|
0.2300
|
0.1050
|
2.19
|
0.0309
|
|
Collectivist.cen
|
0.0272
|
0.0918
|
0.30
|
0.7672
|
|
Age31-40 years
|
-0.4272
|
0.2811
|
-1.52
|
0.1319
|
|
Age41-50 years
|
-0.6629
|
0.2715
|
-2.44
|
0.0165
|
|
Age51-60 years
|
-0.8215
|
0.3285
|
-2.50
|
0.0141
|
|
GenderMale
|
0.1304
|
0.1714
|
0.76
|
0.4488
|
|
EducationDiploma
|
0.9247
|
0.6876
|
1.34
|
0.1819
|
|
EducationBachelor Degree
|
0.6238
|
0.6429
|
0.97
|
0.3343
|
|
EducationPostgraduate Diploma / Masters
|
0.5185
|
0.6309
|
0.82
|
0.4132
|
|
EducationPhD
|
0.7881
|
0.6855
|
1.15
|
0.2532
|
|
ManagerYes
|
0.3886
|
0.1737
|
2.24
|
0.0276
|
|
Core.self.evaluation.cen:Collectivist.cen
|
0.2158
|
0.0965
|
2.24
|
0.0277
|
R^2 = 0.2068151
| |
SD
|
beta
|
se.beta
|
p.value
|
|
upp.sd
|
+1 SD
|
0.431
|
0.036
|
0.000e+00
|
|
low.sd
|
-1 SD
|
0.029
|
0.037
|
4.223e-01
|
Look for interactions with demographic variables
Power distance
Power distance: Initial model
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
8.4056
|
2.7013
|
3.11
|
0.0025
|
|
Power.distance
|
-1.3983
|
0.8864
|
-1.58
|
0.1182
|
|
Age31-40 years
|
-1.9154
|
0.9719
|
-1.97
|
0.0519
|
|
Age41-50 years
|
-2.2342
|
0.9598
|
-2.33
|
0.0222
|
|
Age51-60 years
|
-2.9271
|
1.1544
|
-2.54
|
0.0130
|
|
GenderMale
|
0.0920
|
0.4923
|
0.19
|
0.8522
|
|
EducationDiploma
|
0.4542
|
2.6144
|
0.17
|
0.8625
|
|
EducationBachelor Degree
|
0.0012
|
2.5076
|
0.00
|
0.9996
|
|
EducationPostgraduate Diploma / Masters
|
-0.3622
|
2.4741
|
-0.15
|
0.8839
|
|
EducationPhD
|
-0.3919
|
2.5781
|
-0.15
|
0.8795
|
|
ManagerYes
|
-0.3471
|
0.5293
|
-0.66
|
0.5136
|
|
Power.distance:Age31-40 years
|
0.8383
|
0.4529
|
1.85
|
0.0675
|
|
Power.distance:Age41-50 years
|
0.8605
|
0.4435
|
1.94
|
0.0555
|
|
Power.distance:Age51-60 years
|
1.0972
|
0.4765
|
2.30
|
0.0236
|
|
Power.distance:GenderMale
|
0.0243
|
0.1900
|
0.13
|
0.8985
|
|
Power.distance:EducationDiploma
|
0.0930
|
0.8071
|
0.12
|
0.9086
|
|
Power.distance:EducationBachelor Degree
|
0.0738
|
0.7460
|
0.10
|
0.9214
|
|
Power.distance:EducationPostgraduate Diploma / Masters
|
0.2068
|
0.7233
|
0.29
|
0.7756
|
|
Power.distance:EducationPhD
|
0.2367
|
0.7698
|
0.31
|
0.7592
|
|
Power.distance:ManagerYes
|
0.2953
|
0.2137
|
1.38
|
0.1705
|
Power distance: Final AIC model
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
6.2634
|
0.3351
|
18.69
|
0.0000
|
|
Power.distance
|
-0.4021
|
0.1341
|
-3.00
|
0.0034
|
|
ManagerYes
|
-0.3578
|
0.4418
|
-0.81
|
0.4199
|
|
Power.distance:ManagerYes
|
0.3016
|
0.1671
|
1.80
|
0.0740
|
Power distance
Power distance: Initial model
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
4.9188
|
0.8437
|
5.83
|
0.0000
|
|
Power.distance.cen
|
-1.3983
|
0.8864
|
-1.58
|
0.1182
|
|
Age31-40 years
|
0.1751
|
0.3611
|
0.48
|
0.6289
|
|
Age41-50 years
|
-0.0885
|
0.3529
|
-0.25
|
0.8026
|
|
Age51-60 years
|
-0.1912
|
0.4189
|
-0.46
|
0.6492
|
|
GenderMale
|
0.1526
|
0.1836
|
0.83
|
0.4081
|
|
EducationDiploma
|
0.6860
|
0.9012
|
0.76
|
0.4486
|
|
EducationBachelor Degree
|
0.1853
|
0.8826
|
0.21
|
0.8342
|
|
EducationPostgraduate Diploma / Masters
|
0.1535
|
0.8778
|
0.17
|
0.8616
|
|
EducationPhD
|
0.1982
|
0.9200
|
0.22
|
0.8299
|
|
ManagerYes
|
0.3893
|
0.1894
|
2.06
|
0.0427
|
|
Power.distance.cen:Age31-40 years
|
0.8383
|
0.4529
|
1.85
|
0.0675
|
|
Power.distance.cen:Age41-50 years
|
0.8605
|
0.4435
|
1.94
|
0.0555
|
|
Power.distance.cen:Age51-60 years
|
1.0972
|
0.4765
|
2.30
|
0.0236
|
|
Power.distance.cen:GenderMale
|
0.0243
|
0.1900
|
0.13
|
0.8985
|
|
Power.distance.cen:EducationDiploma
|
0.0930
|
0.8071
|
0.12
|
0.9086
|
|
Power.distance.cen:EducationBachelor Degree
|
0.0738
|
0.7460
|
0.10
|
0.9214
|
|
Power.distance.cen:EducationPostgraduate Diploma / Masters
|
0.2068
|
0.7233
|
0.29
|
0.7756
|
|
Power.distance.cen:EducationPhD
|
0.2367
|
0.7698
|
0.31
|
0.7592
|
|
Power.distance.cen:ManagerYes
|
0.2953
|
0.2137
|
1.38
|
0.1705
|
Power distance: Final AIC model
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
5.2608
|
0.1187
|
44.33
|
0.0000
|
|
Power.distance.cen
|
-0.4021
|
0.1341
|
-3.00
|
0.0034
|
|
ManagerYes
|
0.3943
|
0.1665
|
2.37
|
0.0197
|
|
Power.distance.cen:ManagerYes
|
0.3016
|
0.1671
|
1.80
|
0.0740
|
Collectivist
Collectivist: Initial model
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
9.6672
|
15.3275
|
0.63
|
0.5298
|
|
Collectivist
|
-0.8962
|
2.7652
|
-0.32
|
0.7466
|
|
Age31-40 years
|
-3.0300
|
1.7884
|
-1.69
|
0.0937
|
|
Age41-50 years
|
-2.6128
|
1.6090
|
-1.62
|
0.1079
|
|
Age51-60 years
|
-2.7328
|
1.9843
|
-1.38
|
0.1719
|
|
GenderMale
|
0.3564
|
1.0925
|
0.33
|
0.7450
|
|
EducationDiploma
|
-1.9177
|
15.0317
|
-0.13
|
0.8988
|
|
EducationBachelor Degree
|
-1.0215
|
15.0513
|
-0.07
|
0.9460
|
|
EducationPostgraduate Diploma / Masters
|
-3.3020
|
14.9691
|
-0.22
|
0.8259
|
|
EducationPhD
|
-2.3454
|
15.0360
|
-0.16
|
0.8764
|
|
ManagerYes
|
0.7665
|
1.0413
|
0.74
|
0.4636
|
|
Collectivist:Age31-40 years
|
0.6011
|
0.3904
|
1.54
|
0.1272
|
|
Collectivist:Age41-50 years
|
0.4497
|
0.3466
|
1.30
|
0.1979
|
|
Collectivist:Age51-60 years
|
0.4461
|
0.4219
|
1.06
|
0.2933
|
|
Collectivist:GenderMale
|
-0.0088
|
0.2224
|
-0.04
|
0.9686
|
|
Collectivist:EducationDiploma
|
0.4995
|
2.6895
|
0.19
|
0.8531
|
|
Collectivist:EducationBachelor Degree
|
0.2143
|
2.6922
|
0.08
|
0.9367
|
|
Collectivist:EducationPostgraduate Diploma / Masters
|
0.6988
|
2.6745
|
0.26
|
0.7945
|
|
Collectivist:EducationPhD
|
0.5127
|
2.6917
|
0.19
|
0.8494
|
|
Collectivist:ManagerYes
|
-0.0897
|
0.2178
|
-0.41
|
0.6815
|
Collectivist: Final AIC model
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
5.7515
|
0.2277
|
25.26
|
0.0000
|
|
Age31-40 years
|
-0.3370
|
0.2778
|
-1.21
|
0.2278
|
|
Age41-50 years
|
-0.6131
|
0.2680
|
-2.29
|
0.0242
|
|
Age51-60 years
|
-0.7572
|
0.3250
|
-2.33
|
0.0217
|
|
ManagerYes
|
0.3758
|
0.1743
|
2.16
|
0.0334
|
Collectivist
Collectivist: Initial model
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
5.4593
|
2.4355
|
2.24
|
0.0275
|
|
Collectivist.cen
|
-0.8962
|
2.7652
|
-0.32
|
0.7466
|
|
Age31-40 years
|
-0.2077
|
0.3068
|
-0.68
|
0.5000
|
|
Age41-50 years
|
-0.5015
|
0.2962
|
-1.69
|
0.0939
|
|
Age51-60 years
|
-0.6385
|
0.3561
|
-1.79
|
0.0763
|
|
GenderMale
|
0.3151
|
0.1925
|
1.64
|
0.1051
|
|
EducationDiploma
|
0.4276
|
2.5101
|
0.17
|
0.8651
|
|
EducationBachelor Degree
|
-0.0155
|
2.4954
|
-0.01
|
0.9951
|
|
EducationPostgraduate Diploma / Masters
|
-0.0211
|
2.4923
|
-0.01
|
0.9933
|
|
EducationPhD
|
0.0619
|
2.5048
|
0.02
|
0.9803
|
|
ManagerYes
|
0.3454
|
0.1931
|
1.79
|
0.0771
|
|
Collectivist.cen:Age31-40 years
|
0.6011
|
0.3904
|
1.54
|
0.1272
|
|
Collectivist.cen:Age41-50 years
|
0.4497
|
0.3466
|
1.30
|
0.1979
|
|
Collectivist.cen:Age51-60 years
|
0.4461
|
0.4219
|
1.06
|
0.2933
|
|
Collectivist.cen:GenderMale
|
-0.0088
|
0.2224
|
-0.04
|
0.9686
|
|
Collectivist.cen:EducationDiploma
|
0.4995
|
2.6895
|
0.19
|
0.8531
|
|
Collectivist.cen:EducationBachelor Degree
|
0.2143
|
2.6922
|
0.08
|
0.9367
|
|
Collectivist.cen:EducationPostgraduate Diploma / Masters
|
0.6988
|
2.6745
|
0.26
|
0.7945
|
|
Collectivist.cen:EducationPhD
|
0.5127
|
2.6917
|
0.19
|
0.8494
|
|
Collectivist.cen:ManagerYes
|
-0.0897
|
0.2178
|
-0.41
|
0.6815
|
Collectivist: Final AIC model
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
5.7515
|
0.2277
|
25.26
|
0.0000
|
|
Age31-40 years
|
-0.3370
|
0.2778
|
-1.21
|
0.2278
|
|
Age41-50 years
|
-0.6131
|
0.2680
|
-2.29
|
0.0242
|
|
Age51-60 years
|
-0.7572
|
0.3250
|
-2.33
|
0.0217
|
|
ManagerYes
|
0.3758
|
0.1743
|
2.16
|
0.0334
|
Resistance to change
Resistance to change: Initial model
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
8.0811
|
9.0361
|
0.89
|
0.3736
|
|
Resistance.to.change
|
-0.8315
|
2.4492
|
-0.34
|
0.7350
|
|
Age31-40 years
|
-1.5838
|
1.1649
|
-1.36
|
0.1774
|
|
Age41-50 years
|
-1.3041
|
1.0935
|
-1.19
|
0.2362
|
|
Age51-60 years
|
-2.3097
|
1.6530
|
-1.40
|
0.1658
|
|
GenderMale
|
0.0863
|
0.7893
|
0.11
|
0.9132
|
|
EducationDiploma
|
-0.3041
|
9.0053
|
-0.03
|
0.9731
|
|
EducationBachelor Degree
|
1.6590
|
9.0027
|
0.18
|
0.8542
|
|
EducationPostgraduate Diploma / Masters
|
0.1959
|
8.9450
|
0.02
|
0.9826
|
|
EducationPhD
|
0.8998
|
9.0613
|
0.10
|
0.9211
|
|
ManagerYes
|
-0.0122
|
0.8689
|
-0.01
|
0.9888
|
|
Resistance.to.change:Age31-40 years
|
0.4018
|
0.3585
|
1.12
|
0.2655
|
|
Resistance.to.change:Age41-50 years
|
0.2578
|
0.3336
|
0.77
|
0.4418
|
|
Resistance.to.change:Age51-60 years
|
0.5322
|
0.4803
|
1.11
|
0.2708
|
|
Resistance.to.change:GenderMale
|
-0.0236
|
0.2407
|
-0.10
|
0.9220
|
|
Resistance.to.change:EducationDiploma
|
0.2542
|
2.4334
|
0.10
|
0.9170
|
|
Resistance.to.change:EducationBachelor Degree
|
-0.4232
|
2.4236
|
-0.17
|
0.8618
|
|
Resistance.to.change:EducationPostgraduate Diploma / Masters
|
0.0214
|
2.4037
|
0.01
|
0.9929
|
|
Resistance.to.change:EducationPhD
|
-0.2096
|
2.4468
|
-0.09
|
0.9319
|
|
Resistance.to.change:ManagerYes
|
0.1276
|
0.2635
|
0.48
|
0.6294
|
Resistance to change: Final AIC model
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
7.4925
|
0.3477
|
21.55
|
0.0000
|
|
Resistance.to.change
|
-0.6530
|
0.0999
|
-6.53
|
0.0000
|
|
ManagerYes
|
0.3044
|
0.1447
|
2.10
|
0.0378
|
Resistance to change
Resistance to change: Initial model
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
5.3260
|
1.0771
|
4.94
|
0.0000
|
|
Resistance.to.change.cen
|
-0.8315
|
2.4492
|
-0.34
|
0.7350
|
|
Age31-40 years
|
-0.2526
|
0.2643
|
-0.96
|
0.3419
|
|
Age41-50 years
|
-0.4500
|
0.2601
|
-1.73
|
0.0871
|
|
Age51-60 years
|
-0.5463
|
0.3159
|
-1.73
|
0.0872
|
|
GenderMale
|
0.0079
|
0.1597
|
0.05
|
0.9605
|
|
EducationDiploma
|
0.5383
|
1.1330
|
0.48
|
0.6358
|
|
EducationBachelor Degree
|
0.2567
|
1.1196
|
0.23
|
0.8192
|
|
EducationPostgraduate Diploma / Masters
|
0.2666
|
1.1204
|
0.24
|
0.8125
|
|
EducationPhD
|
0.2053
|
1.1453
|
0.18
|
0.8581
|
|
ManagerYes
|
0.4105
|
0.1669
|
2.46
|
0.0159
|
|
Resistance.to.change.cen:Age31-40 years
|
0.4018
|
0.3585
|
1.12
|
0.2655
|
|
Resistance.to.change.cen:Age41-50 years
|
0.2578
|
0.3336
|
0.77
|
0.4418
|
|
Resistance.to.change.cen:Age51-60 years
|
0.5322
|
0.4803
|
1.11
|
0.2708
|
|
Resistance.to.change.cen:GenderMale
|
-0.0236
|
0.2407
|
-0.10
|
0.9220
|
|
Resistance.to.change.cen:EducationDiploma
|
0.2542
|
2.4334
|
0.10
|
0.9170
|
|
Resistance.to.change.cen:EducationBachelor Degree
|
-0.4232
|
2.4236
|
-0.17
|
0.8618
|
|
Resistance.to.change.cen:EducationPostgraduate Diploma / Masters
|
0.0214
|
2.4037
|
0.01
|
0.9929
|
|
Resistance.to.change.cen:EducationPhD
|
-0.2096
|
2.4468
|
-0.09
|
0.9319
|
|
Resistance.to.change.cen:ManagerYes
|
0.1276
|
0.2635
|
0.48
|
0.6294
|
Resistance to change: Final AIC model
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
5.3290
|
0.1028
|
51.83
|
0.0000
|
|
Resistance.to.change.cen
|
-0.6530
|
0.0999
|
-6.53
|
0.0000
|
|
ManagerYes
|
0.3044
|
0.1447
|
2.10
|
0.0378
|
Core self evaluation
Core self evaluation: Initial model
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
5.8430
|
7.4604
|
0.78
|
0.4356
|
|
Core.self.evaluation
|
-0.1493
|
1.5273
|
-0.10
|
0.9223
|
|
Age31-40 years
|
0.1979
|
1.6861
|
0.12
|
0.9068
|
|
Age41-50 years
|
0.4098
|
1.7842
|
0.23
|
0.8189
|
|
Age51-60 years
|
2.3034
|
2.7954
|
0.82
|
0.4121
|
|
GenderMale
|
0.0735
|
1.2272
|
0.06
|
0.9524
|
|
EducationDiploma
|
2.7885
|
7.5809
|
0.37
|
0.7139
|
|
EducationBachelor Degree
|
-3.3216
|
7.5152
|
-0.44
|
0.6596
|
|
EducationPostgraduate Diploma / Masters
|
-2.8380
|
7.3651
|
-0.39
|
0.7009
|
|
EducationPhD
|
-2.4385
|
7.5196
|
-0.32
|
0.7465
|
|
ManagerYes
|
1.2813
|
1.3122
|
0.98
|
0.3315
|
|
Core.self.evaluation:Age31-40 years
|
-0.1869
|
0.3444
|
-0.54
|
0.5887
|
|
Core.self.evaluation:Age41-50 years
|
-0.2679
|
0.3672
|
-0.73
|
0.4676
|
|
Core.self.evaluation:Age51-60 years
|
-0.6633
|
0.5614
|
-1.18
|
0.2406
|
|
Core.self.evaluation:GenderMale
|
0.0129
|
0.2415
|
0.05
|
0.9576
|
|
Core.self.evaluation:EducationDiploma
|
-0.3909
|
1.5649
|
-0.25
|
0.8033
|
|
Core.self.evaluation:EducationBachelor Degree
|
0.8720
|
1.5522
|
0.56
|
0.5757
|
|
Core.self.evaluation:EducationPostgraduate Diploma / Masters
|
0.7334
|
1.5223
|
0.48
|
0.6312
|
|
Core.self.evaluation:EducationPhD
|
0.6882
|
1.5518
|
0.44
|
0.6585
|
|
Core.self.evaluation:ManagerYes
|
-0.1856
|
0.2582
|
-0.72
|
0.4742
|
Core self evaluation: Final AIC model
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
7.1582
|
7.2786
|
0.98
|
0.3279
|
|
Core.self.evaluation
|
-0.3730
|
1.4916
|
-0.25
|
0.8031
|
|
Age31-40 years
|
-0.6643
|
0.2968
|
-2.24
|
0.0276
|
|
Age41-50 years
|
-0.8692
|
0.2896
|
-3.00
|
0.0034
|
|
Age51-60 years
|
-0.9799
|
0.3424
|
-2.86
|
0.0052
|
|
EducationDiploma
|
2.5827
|
7.4312
|
0.35
|
0.7289
|
|
EducationBachelor Degree
|
-3.7905
|
7.3709
|
-0.51
|
0.6083
|
|
EducationPostgraduate Diploma / Masters
|
-2.2907
|
7.2289
|
-0.32
|
0.7520
|
|
EducationPhD
|
-2.1385
|
7.3192
|
-0.29
|
0.7708
|
|
ManagerYes
|
0.3596
|
0.1781
|
2.02
|
0.0463
|
|
Core.self.evaluation:EducationDiploma
|
-0.3877
|
1.5354
|
-0.25
|
0.8012
|
|
Core.self.evaluation:EducationBachelor Degree
|
0.9185
|
1.5235
|
0.60
|
0.5480
|
|
Core.self.evaluation:EducationPostgraduate Diploma / Masters
|
0.5946
|
1.4929
|
0.40
|
0.6913
|
|
Core.self.evaluation:EducationPhD
|
0.5919
|
1.5118
|
0.39
|
0.6963
|
Core self evaluation
Core self evaluation: Initial model
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
5.1090
|
0.6568
|
7.78
|
0.0000
|
|
Core.self.evaluation.cen
|
-0.1493
|
1.5273
|
-0.10
|
0.9223
|
|
Age31-40 years
|
-0.7206
|
0.3073
|
-2.34
|
0.0213
|
|
Age41-50 years
|
-0.9068
|
0.3064
|
-2.96
|
0.0039
|
|
Age51-60 years
|
-0.9567
|
0.3558
|
-2.69
|
0.0086
|
|
GenderMale
|
0.1367
|
0.1853
|
0.74
|
0.4626
|
|
EducationDiploma
|
0.8670
|
0.7052
|
1.23
|
0.2222
|
|
EducationBachelor Degree
|
0.9642
|
0.6720
|
1.43
|
0.1549
|
|
EducationPostgraduate Diploma / Masters
|
0.7667
|
0.6522
|
1.18
|
0.2429
|
|
EducationPhD
|
0.9442
|
0.7191
|
1.31
|
0.1926
|
|
ManagerYes
|
0.3690
|
0.1843
|
2.00
|
0.0483
|
|
Core.self.evaluation.cen:Age31-40 years
|
-0.1869
|
0.3444
|
-0.54
|
0.5887
|
|
Core.self.evaluation.cen:Age41-50 years
|
-0.2679
|
0.3672
|
-0.73
|
0.4676
|
|
Core.self.evaluation.cen:Age51-60 years
|
-0.6633
|
0.5614
|
-1.18
|
0.2406
|
|
Core.self.evaluation.cen:GenderMale
|
0.0129
|
0.2415
|
0.05
|
0.9576
|
|
Core.self.evaluation.cen:EducationDiploma
|
-0.3909
|
1.5649
|
-0.25
|
0.8033
|
|
Core.self.evaluation.cen:EducationBachelor Degree
|
0.8720
|
1.5522
|
0.56
|
0.5757
|
|
Core.self.evaluation.cen:EducationPostgraduate Diploma / Masters
|
0.7334
|
1.5223
|
0.48
|
0.6312
|
|
Core.self.evaluation.cen:EducationPhD
|
0.6882
|
1.5518
|
0.44
|
0.6585
|
|
Core.self.evaluation.cen:ManagerYes
|
-0.1856
|
0.2582
|
-0.72
|
0.4742
|
Core self evaluation: Final AIC model
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
5.3249
|
0.6228
|
8.55
|
0.0000
|
|
Core.self.evaluation.cen
|
-0.3730
|
1.4916
|
-0.25
|
0.8031
|
|
Age31-40 years
|
-0.6643
|
0.2968
|
-2.24
|
0.0276
|
|
Age41-50 years
|
-0.8692
|
0.2896
|
-3.00
|
0.0034
|
|
Age51-60 years
|
-0.9799
|
0.3424
|
-2.86
|
0.0052
|
|
EducationDiploma
|
0.6770
|
0.6861
|
0.99
|
0.3263
|
|
EducationBachelor Degree
|
0.7238
|
0.6422
|
1.13
|
0.2626
|
|
EducationPostgraduate Diploma / Masters
|
0.6318
|
0.6362
|
0.99
|
0.3232
|
|
EducationPhD
|
0.7708
|
0.6857
|
1.12
|
0.2638
|
|
ManagerYes
|
0.3596
|
0.1781
|
2.02
|
0.0463
|
|
Core.self.evaluation.cen:EducationDiploma
|
-0.3877
|
1.5354
|
-0.25
|
0.8012
|
|
Core.self.evaluation.cen:EducationBachelor Degree
|
0.9185
|
1.5235
|
0.60
|
0.5480
|
|
Core.self.evaluation.cen:EducationPostgraduate Diploma / Masters
|
0.5946
|
1.4929
|
0.40
|
0.6913
|
|
Core.self.evaluation.cen:EducationPhD
|
0.5919
|
1.5118
|
0.39
|
0.6963
|
Core self evaluation as a modrator for the effect of resistance to change on constructive voice behaviour
Fit three models
- Demographics only
- Demographics with resistance to change and core self evaluation as main effects
- Demographics with resistance to change and core self evaluation as main and interaction effects
Demographics only
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
5.0443
|
0.6579
|
7.67
|
0.0000
|
|
Age31-40 years
|
-0.3500
|
0.2882
|
-1.21
|
0.2275
|
|
Age41-50 years
|
-0.6409
|
0.2795
|
-2.29
|
0.0240
|
|
Age51-60 years
|
-0.7569
|
0.3372
|
-2.24
|
0.0270
|
|
GenderMale
|
0.1864
|
0.1760
|
1.06
|
0.2922
|
|
EducationDiploma
|
0.9426
|
0.7007
|
1.35
|
0.1816
|
|
EducationBachelor Degree
|
0.6156
|
0.6578
|
0.94
|
0.3516
|
|
EducationPostgraduate Diploma / Masters
|
0.5955
|
0.6483
|
0.92
|
0.3605
|
|
EducationPhD
|
0.6966
|
0.7013
|
0.99
|
0.3230
|
|
ManagerYes
|
0.3797
|
0.1791
|
2.12
|
0.0365
|
R^2 = 0.124865 adj R^2 = 0.04530729
Demographics with resistance to change and core self evaluation as main effects
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
5.3573
|
0.5733
|
9.34
|
0.0000
|
|
Resistance.to.change.cen
|
-0.5798
|
0.1087
|
-5.33
|
0.0000
|
|
Core.self.evaluation.cen
|
0.1090
|
0.0969
|
1.13
|
0.2633
|
|
Age31-40 years
|
-0.3374
|
0.2529
|
-1.33
|
0.1853
|
|
Age41-50 years
|
-0.4759
|
0.2461
|
-1.93
|
0.0561
|
|
Age51-60 years
|
-0.5562
|
0.2977
|
-1.87
|
0.0648
|
|
GenderMale
|
0.0372
|
0.1548
|
0.24
|
0.8106
|
|
EducationDiploma
|
0.4837
|
0.6158
|
0.79
|
0.4341
|
|
EducationBachelor Degree
|
0.2945
|
0.5747
|
0.51
|
0.6096
|
|
EducationPostgraduate Diploma / Masters
|
0.3013
|
0.5648
|
0.53
|
0.5949
|
|
EducationPhD
|
0.2296
|
0.6151
|
0.37
|
0.7098
|
|
ManagerYes
|
0.3585
|
0.1556
|
2.30
|
0.0233
|
R^2 = 0.3544225 adj R^2 = 0.2812127
Demographics with resistance to change and core self evaluation as main and interaction effects
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
5.4045
|
0.5603
|
9.65
|
0.0000
|
|
Resistance.to.change.cen
|
-0.5513
|
0.1069
|
-5.16
|
0.0000
|
|
Core.self.evaluation.cen
|
0.0956
|
0.0948
|
1.01
|
0.3159
|
|
Age31-40 years
|
-0.3904
|
0.2480
|
-1.57
|
0.1187
|
|
Age41-50 years
|
-0.5686
|
0.2435
|
-2.34
|
0.0216
|
|
Age51-60 years
|
-0.6778
|
0.2952
|
-2.30
|
0.0239
|
|
GenderMale
|
0.0640
|
0.1516
|
0.42
|
0.6740
|
|
EducationDiploma
|
0.4653
|
0.6015
|
0.77
|
0.4411
|
|
EducationBachelor Degree
|
0.3681
|
0.5621
|
0.65
|
0.5141
|
|
EducationPostgraduate Diploma / Masters
|
0.3394
|
0.5519
|
0.61
|
0.5401
|
|
EducationPhD
|
0.3242
|
0.6021
|
0.54
|
0.5915
|
|
ManagerYes
|
0.3505
|
0.1520
|
2.31
|
0.0232
|
|
Resistance.to.change.cen:Core.self.evaluation.cen
|
0.2784
|
0.1166
|
2.39
|
0.0190
|
R^2 = 0.3905754 adj R^2 = 0.3143973
| |
SD
|
beta
|
se.beta
|
p.value
|
|
upp.sd
|
+1 SD
|
-0.326
|
0.083
|
8.381e-05
|
|
low.sd
|
-1 SD
|
-0.777
|
0.090
|
0.000e+00
|
Resistance to change as a modrator for the effect of core self evaluation on constructive voice behaviour
Fit three models
- Demographics only
- Demographics with resistance to change and core self evaluation as main effects
- Demographics with resistance to change and core self evaluation as main and interaction effects
Demographics only
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
5.0443
|
0.6579
|
7.67
|
0.0000
|
|
Age31-40 years
|
-0.3500
|
0.2882
|
-1.21
|
0.2275
|
|
Age41-50 years
|
-0.6409
|
0.2795
|
-2.29
|
0.0240
|
|
Age51-60 years
|
-0.7569
|
0.3372
|
-2.24
|
0.0270
|
|
GenderMale
|
0.1864
|
0.1760
|
1.06
|
0.2922
|
|
EducationDiploma
|
0.9426
|
0.7007
|
1.35
|
0.1816
|
|
EducationBachelor Degree
|
0.6156
|
0.6578
|
0.94
|
0.3516
|
|
EducationPostgraduate Diploma / Masters
|
0.5955
|
0.6483
|
0.92
|
0.3605
|
|
EducationPhD
|
0.6966
|
0.7013
|
0.99
|
0.3230
|
|
ManagerYes
|
0.3797
|
0.1791
|
2.12
|
0.0365
|
R^2 = 0.124865 adj R^2 = 0.04530729
Demographics with resistance to change and core self evaluation as main effects
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
5.3573
|
0.5733
|
9.34
|
0.0000
|
|
Core.self.evaluation.cen
|
0.1090
|
0.0969
|
1.13
|
0.2633
|
|
Resistance.to.change.cen
|
-0.5798
|
0.1087
|
-5.33
|
0.0000
|
|
Age31-40 years
|
-0.3374
|
0.2529
|
-1.33
|
0.1853
|
|
Age41-50 years
|
-0.4759
|
0.2461
|
-1.93
|
0.0561
|
|
Age51-60 years
|
-0.5562
|
0.2977
|
-1.87
|
0.0648
|
|
GenderMale
|
0.0372
|
0.1548
|
0.24
|
0.8106
|
|
EducationDiploma
|
0.4837
|
0.6158
|
0.79
|
0.4341
|
|
EducationBachelor Degree
|
0.2945
|
0.5747
|
0.51
|
0.6096
|
|
EducationPostgraduate Diploma / Masters
|
0.3013
|
0.5648
|
0.53
|
0.5949
|
|
EducationPhD
|
0.2296
|
0.6151
|
0.37
|
0.7098
|
|
ManagerYes
|
0.3585
|
0.1556
|
2.30
|
0.0233
|
R^2 = 0.3544225 adj R^2 = 0.2812127
Demographics with resistance to change and core self evaluation as main and interaction effects
| |
Estimate
|
Std. Error
|
t value
|
Pr(> |t|)
|
|
(Intercept)
|
5.4045
|
0.5603
|
9.65
|
0.0000
|
|
Core.self.evaluation.cen
|
0.0956
|
0.0948
|
1.01
|
0.3159
|
|
Resistance.to.change.cen
|
-0.5513
|
0.1069
|
-5.16
|
0.0000
|
|
Age31-40 years
|
-0.3904
|
0.2480
|
-1.57
|
0.1187
|
|
Age41-50 years
|
-0.5686
|
0.2435
|
-2.34
|
0.0216
|
|
Age51-60 years
|
-0.6778
|
0.2952
|
-2.30
|
0.0239
|
|
GenderMale
|
0.0640
|
0.1516
|
0.42
|
0.6740
|
|
EducationDiploma
|
0.4653
|
0.6015
|
0.77
|
0.4411
|
|
EducationBachelor Degree
|
0.3681
|
0.5621
|
0.65
|
0.5141
|
|
EducationPostgraduate Diploma / Masters
|
0.3394
|
0.5519
|
0.61
|
0.5401
|
|
EducationPhD
|
0.3242
|
0.6021
|
0.54
|
0.5915
|
|
ManagerYes
|
0.3505
|
0.1520
|
2.31
|
0.0232
|
|
Core.self.evaluation.cen:Resistance.to.change.cen
|
0.2784
|
0.1166
|
2.39
|
0.0190
|
R^2 = 0.3905754 adj R^2 = 0.3143973
| |
SD
|
beta
|
se.beta
|
p.value
|
|
upp.sd
|
+1 SD
|
0.299
|
0.033
|
0.000e+00
|
|
low.sd
|
-1 SD
|
-0.108
|
0.035
|
1.925e-03
|
Session Information
## R version 3.0.1 (2013-05-16)
## Platform: x86_64-apple-darwin10.8.0 (64-bit)
##
## locale:
## [1] en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8/C/en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8
##
## attached base packages:
## [1] grid stats graphics grDevices utils datasets methods
## [8] base
##
## other attached packages:
## [1] knitr_1.8 xtable_1.7-1 plyr_1.8 reshape2_1.2.2
## [5] GGally_0.5.0 ggplot2_1.0.0 psych_1.4.8.11
##
## loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
## [1] colorspace_1.2-2 dichromat_2.0-0 digest_0.6.3
## [4] evaluate_0.5.5 formatR_1.0 gtable_0.1.2
## [7] htmltools_0.2.6 labeling_0.1 MASS_7.3-26
## [10] munsell_0.4 proto_0.3-10 RColorBrewer_1.0-5
## [13] reshape_0.8.5 rmarkdown_0.3.10 scales_0.2.3
## [16] stringr_0.6.2 tools_3.0.1 yaml_2.1.13